Balancing Spousal Loss And Career Is A One-Two Punch For Health Of Widowed Individuals

Coping with the loss of a spouse while dealing with the 9-to-5 grind can take a serious toll on the health of widows or widowers, according to new research from the Biobehavioral Mechanisms Explaining Disparities Lab (BMED) at Rice University.

“Employment and Family Income in Psychological and Immune Outcomes During Bereavement ” examines the mental and physical health of individuals who lost a spouse three months prior to being surveyed for the study. The researchers were specifically interested in how employment status and income affected health outcomes of surviving partners.

The researchers found that surviving spouses who worked had overall higher perceived stress levels and bodily inflammation (tracked through blood work looking at levels of specific markers of inflammation) than retirees who had lost their partner. High levels of stress and chronic inflammation are a good indicator of risk for negative physical health outcomes in the future, according to Jensine Paoletti, a postdoctoral research fellow in the BMED lab and the study’s lead author.

The researchers also found a negative relationship between family income and mental health among widows and widowers who were working — and the lower the income, the worse the mental health effects. However, income had no impact on the mental health of retired widows and widowers.

Chris Fagundes, a professor of psychological sciences at Rice and director of the BMED lab, was the study’s senior author. He said the findings suggest the “secondary stress” of losing a spouse — like dealing with daily tasks previously handled by the deceased partner and settling affairs — is an enormous burden for survivors who must continue working. He said higher earners are more likely to outsource such tasks and have better physical and mental health because of it.

The researchers hope the study will encourage future examination of how employment status impacts the health of widowed adults.

This project was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health and the National Institute on Aging. The paper is online at https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306453023000021 and will appear in the April edition of Psychoneuroendocrinology.

This news release can be found online at news.rice.edu

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Located on a 300-acre forested campus in Houston, Rice University is consistently ranked among the nation’s top 20 universities by U.S. News & World Report. Rice has highly respected schools of Architecture, Business, Continuing Studies, Engineering, Humanities, Music, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences and is home to the Baker Institute for Public Policy. With 4,240 undergraduates and 3,972 graduate students, Rice’s undergraduate student-to-faculty ratio is just under 6-to-1. Its residential college system builds close-knit communities and lifelong friendships, just one reason why Rice is ranked No. 1 for lots of race/class interaction and No. 1 for quality of life by the Princeton Review. Rice is also rated as a best value among private universities by Kiplinger’s Personal Finance.

Source: Rice University

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